Warm the pot: Heat olive oil in a large soup pot over medium heat.
Add onion, carrots, and celery. Cook, stirring occasionally, until softened and lightly golden, about 6–8 minutes.
Build flavor: Add garlic, oregano, basil, red pepper flakes, and bay leaf. Stir for 30–60 seconds until fragrant.
Add tomato paste and cook another minute to caramelize it slightly.
Add tomatoes and broth: Pour in the diced tomatoes and broth. Stir well, scraping up any browned bits on the bottom of the pot.
Simmer the veggies: Add zucchini and green beans. Bring to a gentle simmer and cook for 8–10 minutes until the vegetables start to soften.
Stir in beans and pasta: Add cannellini beans and chickpeas (or kidney beans).
Add pasta and stir. Simmer until the pasta is al dente, usually 8–10 minutes, stirring occasionally so it doesn’t stick. If using quinoa instead, simmer 12–15 minutes until tender.
Add greens: Stir in spinach, kale, or chard.
Cook 2–3 minutes until wilted and tender.
Season and brighten: Remove the bay leaf. Add salt, pepper, and lemon juice. Taste and adjust seasoning—more salt, pepper, or lemon as needed.
Serve: Ladle into bowls.
Top with chopped parsley or basil and a sprinkle of Parmesan if you like. Add a lemon wedge on the side for extra brightness.